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Recommended Wire Size & Voltage Drop for 100A 480V at 8m (Aluminum)

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Instant Answer

Use 1/0 AWG Aluminum Wire

Estimated Voltage Drop: 0.21% · Max Recommended Fuse/Breaker: 110A

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Instant Answer

Use 1/0 AWG Aluminum Wire

Estimated Voltage Drop: 0.21% · Limit: 3%

Recommended AWG1/0 AWG Aluminum
Circular Mils (CM)105,600
Voltage Lost1.00 V
Percent Drop0.21%
Power Lost100.4 W
Conductor Ampacity (75°C)120 A
Max Recommended Fuse/Breaker110 A

Based on NEC Table 310.16 (75°C ampacity) and Chapter 9, Table 8 (circular mils). Assumes a 30°C (86°F) ambient, ≤3 current-carrying conductors. Always verify against your local jurisdiction's current NEC/CEC adoption before installation.

Full Technical Spec Table

AWG Circular Mils Ampacity (75°C) Voltage Lost % Drop Power Lost Max Fuse
14 AWG 4,110 N/A 25.79V 5.37% 2579.1W 100A
12 AWG 6,530 20A 16.23V 3.38% 1623.3W 20A
10 AWG 10,380 30A 10.21V 2.13% 1021.2W 30A
8 AWG 16,510 40A 6.42V 1.34% 642.0W 40A
6 AWG 26,240 50A 4.04V 0.84% 404.0W 50A
4 AWG 41,740 65A 2.54V 0.53% 254.0W 60A
2 AWG 66,360 90A 1.60V 0.33% 159.7W 90A
1/0 AWG 105,600 120A 1.00V 0.21% 100.4W 110A
2/0 AWG 133,100 135A 0.80V 0.17% 79.6W 125A
3/0 AWG 167,800 155A 0.63V 0.13% 63.2W 125A
4/0 AWG 211,600 180A 0.50V 0.10% 50.1W 125A

NEC Guidance for 100A Circuits at 480V

Under NEC Table 310.16, conductor ampacity is rated by insulation temperature class and ambient conditions. For a 100A load, the 75°C column is the standard reference used by most residential and commercial terminations, since the vast majority of circuit breakers and equipment terminals are only rated for 60°C or 75°C. At 480V, voltage drop becomes a more significant design constraint over longer conductor runs, since even a small resistive loss represents a larger percentage of the source voltage.

This calculation assumes a 8m one-way run, which is doubled in the voltage drop formula to account for both the outgoing and return conductors. The NEC recommends keeping voltage drop under 3% for branch circuits and under 5% combined for feeders and branch circuits together.

Ambient temperature also affects the usable ampacity of a conductor. Table 310.15(B)(1) derating factors reduce the rated ampacity as ambient temperature rises above 30°C (86°F):

For installations in attics, near rooftops, or in high-heat industrial environments, always apply the appropriate derating factor before finalizing wire gauge, and consult a licensed electrician for any circuit exceeding 60A or involving service entrance conductors. This tool provides an engineering estimate only and does not replace a code-compliant load calculation performed by a qualified professional.

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